Oil-well pump mechanism.



' Patented lan". 3 0, |900.

[QCUIOP lay -jhlorneys.

(Application mea Aprl ao, 189s.)

M T Pl-:w A UIL WELL PUMP MECHANISM;

me Nonms pzrsns co. moro-uwe.. WASHINGTON. D c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARQUIS THOMPSON PEVV, OF PARKRS LANDING, PENNSYLVANIA.

OIL-WELL PUMP MECHANISM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 642,483, dated January 30, 1900.

Application tiled April 30, 1898.

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I,v MARQUIS THOMPSON PEW, a citizen of the United States, residing at Parkers Landing, in the county of Armstrong and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Oil -Well Pump Mechanism, of which the following is a speciiication.

My invention relates to pump mechanisms, and particularly to an oil-well pump mechanism; and the object in view is to provide a simple and improved construction of piston, whereby sand and other hard materials carried by the liquid .into the tube may be received in suitable pockets or receptacles and prevented from accumulating near the piston-head and cutting the packing of such head, and,.furthermore to provide such an arrangement of parts as to cause the lubrication or duid-packing of the piston-head or the packing-cups of such head by means of fluid from which sand and sediment have been removed.

Afurther object of the invention is to provide sand-receptacles in connection with the piston of a pump, whereby the accumulations may be removed with the piston for cleansing purposes.

Further objects and advantages of this invention will appear in the following description, and the novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a pump mechanism constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail perspective View of a portion of the piston tube or cylinder and an intermediate sand pocket which is attached interiorly thereto. Fig. 3 is a detail section of the lower portion of the pump-barrel, piston, and standing valve.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding partsin all the figures of the drawlugs.

1 designates the pump or working barrel, provided with the ordinary or any preferred inwardlyopening standing valve 2, and 3 represents a piston having a shell consisting of a tube or cylinder which is mounted for reciprocatory movement in the working bar- Serial No. 679,366. (No model.)

rel and is of smaller exterior diameter than the bore of the working barrel to provide an annular fluid-packing space 4, which is open,

at its top to receive fluid after having passed the working valve 8 and shell of the piston. This annular fluid-packin g chamber is adapted` to convey liquid-as oil, water, or any other material which may be operated upon by the pump-t0 the piston-head 5, which is located at the lower end of the piston, said piston-head fitting snugly in the barrel and being provided with suitable packing to prevent the passage of liquid between the surfaces thereof and the walls of the barrel. In the construction illustrated the piston-head is provided with the usual packing-cups 6, which are adapted to be expanded during the upward movement of the piston in order to insure the efticiency of the packing by the downward pressure of the uid packing in the chamber 4. The piston-head is tubular to allow the upward passage of fluid from the working barrel below the working valve to the interior of the piston tube or cylinder, and located in a suitable cage or casing '7 is the working valve 8 or the equivalent thereof in operative relation with a seat 9, said valve being upwardly opening and being designed to allow the upward passage of fluid while preventing the downward escape thereof.

The valve casing or cage 7 is approximately of equal diameter with the piston tube or cylinder 3, the latter being attached to the casing or cage by engaging sore w-threads or the equivalent thereof; but the upper end of the v casin g or cage 7 is partly closed to form a central fluid-opening, into which is'threaded a tube l0 of smaller diameter than the pistoncylinder to form a fluid-passage. This inner tube or duid-passage extends upward from the plane of the ball-valve casing or cage to form an annular sand pocket or chamber ll, which is closed at its bottom by the closed portion of the top of the ball-valve casing. At its upper end this duid-passage of small diameter communicates with the interior of the piston-cylinder, which is of large diameter, and hence oil or other liquid after passing upward through the conveyor tube or passage l0 enters the piston-cylinder, where its'movement is less rapid, and thus allows IOO time for sand and other hard objects to precipitate into the sand chamber or pocket 11.

Located above the upper or discharge end of the conveyer tube or passage 10 is an obliquelydisposed detlector 12, which is inclined upwardly and inwardly from one wall of the piston shell or cylinder to a point at or near the center thereof, said deflector being semicircular in plan7 and hence partly (preferably one-half) closing the bore of the shell.

Above the plane of the deflector 12 is located a second defiector 12, which springs from the inner surface of the shell at the opposite side from the deflector 12, and hence inclines upwardly and inwardly in an opposite direction to cause liquid ascending the shell to approach the oppposite side thereof.

y Thus the number of alternately-disposed deflectors may be multiplied to the desired eX- tent, and the same are so arranged as to give to the shell a tortuous or zigzag fluid-passage, whereby the liquid in ascending the shell passes from one side to the other alternately, the obstructions consisting of the deflectors being sufficient to impede the movement of liquid through the shell and allow time for the precipitation of any particles of sand or ,other material which may have been carried into the shell and above the discharge end of the conveyer tube or passage 10. Furthermore, these deiiectors serve to contract the duid-passage at intervals, while at points between the deflectors the passage consists of the complete unobstructed bore of the pistonshell. Hence as the liquid ascends through the shell it is alternately forced through reduced throats and then admitted to enlarged chambers, where, said liquid moving less rapidly, there is ample opportunity for the deposit or precipitation of solid materials carried by the liquid.

In the construction illustrated each of the described oblique deflectors forms the bottom of a sand pocket or trap 13, semicylindrical in construction and having open upper ends, and as each sand pocket or trap extends upward from the deflector contiguous to which it is arranged its open mouth is located at a point below and diametrically opposite the neXt upper detlector. Thus as the liquid ascends through the piston-shell its alternate deflection toward opposite sides thereof brings it above the open mouths of the sand pockets or traps, whereby any precipitation of sand is received by the pockets or traps, and is thus held from falling back and interfering with the operation of the valve 8 or other parts of the apparatus.

In practice the sand pockets or traps are made, respectively, of less lengths than the intervals between the adjacent deiiectors 12 12, whereby, although the reduced throat portions of the tortuous passage formed by the above-described disposition of the deectors are extended, thus causing the liquid to pass for a considerable distance through a reduced passage, there is an enlarged chamber, equal in diamater to the bore of the shell, between the upper end of each sand pocket or trap and the next upper deflector. Thus momentarily the rapidity of movement of the liquid through the shell is reduced to allow that precipitation of foreign materials which is above described. Any desired number of pockets may be employed, according to the conditions of use and the diameter of the shell.

Attached to the upper end of the shell 3 is a cage 14, to which may be connected the ordinary sucker-rod 15, and the upper end of the working barrel is properly constructed for the attachment of well-tubing.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the liquid which is employed to lubricate and coperate with the piston-head packing passes to such packing only after having traversed the entire length of the piston shell or cylinder and having been relieved of sand and other foreign materials by the means employed in said cylinder for that purpose, and hence little, if any, sand reaches the packing, and the durability of the mechanism is thereby vastly increased. Furthermore, it will be seen that when it is necessary to draw the piston to replace or repair the packing all of the sand which has been accumulatedin the pockets or traps and lower receptacle is removed with the piston to allow for the proper cleansing ofthe parts. In other words, the sand which is precipitated from the liquid after passing the working Valve 8 is permanently removed therefrom and may subsequently be withdrawn from the working barrel when necessary in order to prevent the overflow of the receptacles which are provided for the sand.

Various changes in the form, proportion, and the minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacriiicing any of the advantages of this invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim is- 1. A pump mechanism having a valved pis ton carrying a tubular shell which is provided with a tortuous liquid-passage and spaced sand pockets or traps, substantially as specified.

2. A pump mechanism having a valved piston carrying a tubular shell which is provided with spaced oppositely-disposed de- Iiectors, and receptacles for solid precipitates, substantially as specified.

3. A pump mechanism having a valved piston carrying a tubular shell which is provided with spaced oppositely-located deflectors disposed obliquely, and sand pockets or traps located contiguous to and below the planes of the deflectors to receive solid precipitates, substantially as specified.

et. A pump mechanism having a valved piston carrying a tubular shell which is provided with spaced contracted portions or throats and intermediate enlarged portions IID or chambers, and sand pockets or traps to rel ceive solid precipitates,substantially as specified.

5. A pump mechanism having a valved piston carrying a tubular shell which is provided with a series of sand pockets or traps, disposed alternately at opposite sides of the bore of the shell, and having obiiquely-disposed, inwardly and upwardly inclined, bottoms forming deflectors, substantially as specied.

6. A pump mechanism having a valved piston carrying a tubular shell which is provided with a series of open-topped semicylindrical sand pockets or traps, located alternately at diametrically opposite sides of the bore of the shell, and having obliqnely-disposed bottoms forming deilectors, the bottom vof /each pocket or trap being located above the plane of the open month of the next lower Y pocket or trap, substantially as specified.

7. An oil-well pump mechanism having the valve-piston provided with a head, a tubular shell connected with and extending upward from the head, a conveyer-tube projecting upwardly within the shell at the lower end of the latter, and of smaller diameter than the same to form an annular sand pocket or chamber having a closed bottom, said tube communicating at its lower end with the valvepassage of the head, and a plurality of spaced oppositely-disposed deliectors arranged inside of the shell above the plane of the upper discharge end of said conveyer-tube, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

MARQUIS THOMPSON PEW. Witnesses: v

W. P. PARKER, ALBERT PRW. 

